UNIT 4

UNIT 4

LEARNING AIM A

You need to describe and explain what happens to the body when you exercise.  What happens in the short term (a training session) compared to the long term (3 months+).

Demonstrate knowledge of:

• Musculoskeletal system – Short Term Effects

  • Increased production of synovial fluid https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synovial_fluid

  • Increased range of movement in the joints https://www.brianmac.co.uk/musrom.htm

  • Micro-tears in muscle fibres http://homegymr.com/micro-tears-in-muscles/

  • New bone formation

  • Increased metabolic activity

• Cardiorespiratory system – Short Term Effects

  • Increased heart rate and blood flow

  • Increased breathing rate http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_edexcel/organism_energy/respirationrev3.shtml

  • Sweat production and skin reddening http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_pre_2011/homeostasis/bodytemprev4.shtml

  • Redistribution of blood flow

  • Lactic acid in the blood https://www.brianmac.co.uk/lactic.htm

  • Cardiac output https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_output

  • Blood pressure

  • Increased tidal volume https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_volume

• Musculoskeletal system – Long Term Adaptations

  • Long term benefits for bones http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/healthy-bones/Pages/exercises-for-strong-bones.aspx

  • Long term benefits for joints

  • Long term benefits for muscles http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/exercise/2_exercise_effectsoftraining_rev1.shtml

• Cardiorespiratory system – Long Term Adaptations

  • Changes to your heart

  • Decreased risk of hypertension

  • Increased vital capacity https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vital_capacity

  • Increased maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) http://athletics.wikia.com/wiki/Maximal_Oxygen_Uptake

  • Increased efficiency of oxygen delivery and waste product removal

  • Increased lung efficiency and gaseous exchange

http://www.livestrong.com/article/354549-the-effect-of-exercise-on-the-cardiorespiratory-system/